The statistical disturbance bound of quantum measurements

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2607.15874v1
• Date: Fri, 17 Jul 2026 11:41:22 GMT
• Title: The statistical disturbance bound of quantum measurements
• Abstract summary: Quantifying the disturbance caused by a quantum measurement typically requires detailed knowledge of the underlying measurement channel.<n>We introduce a statistical disturbance bound, which connects the statistical properties of a quantum measurement to the state disturbance induced by any compatible channel.<n>We also develop the weighted state exclusion technique, which enables an experimental determination of the statistical disturbance bound without requiring explicit knowledge of the measurement effects.
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• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Quantifying the disturbance caused by a quantum measurement typically requires detailed knowledge of the underlying measurement channel. In this work, we introduce a statistical disturbance bound, which connects the statistical properties of a quantum measurement to the state disturbance induced by any compatible measurement channel. Specifically, we show that the average fidelity between input and output with respect to an arbitrary ensemble of pure input states is fundamentally bounded in terms of the measurement, described as a positive operator-valued measure (POVM). We further develop the weighted state exclusion technique, which enables an experimental determination of the statistical disturbance bound without requiring explicit knowledge of the measurement effects. To see the advantages of our approach over existing information-disturbance relations, we show that our bound distinguishes between measurements with equivalent informativeness. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the weighted state exclusion technique can detect and quantify measurement-induced disturbance using state preparations that are insufficient for tomographic reconstruction of the measurement operators. Finally, we illustrate how disturbance bounds defined with respect to specific input ensembles can be used to bound an eavesdropper's guessing probability in a simple protocol for quantum randomness generation.

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