Reasoning from Traces: Divergence-Guided Agentic Repair of WebAssembly Discrepancies

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2608.05521v1
• Date: Thu, 06 Aug 2026 01:52:20 GMT
• Title: Reasoning from Traces: Divergence-Guided Agentic Repair of WebAssembly Discrepancies
• Abstract summary: WebAssembly (Wasm) promises seamless reuse of C/C++ runtimes as portable, fast, sandboxed binaries.<n>Recent studies show that cross-compiling the same C/C++ source to Wasm and native binaries frequently leads to discrepancies.<n>We present WasmMend, the first system to automatically repair Native-Wasm functional discrepancies.
• Score: 1.4756127206089247
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: WebAssembly (Wasm) promises seamless reuse of C/C++ codebases as portable, fast, sandboxed binaries. In practice, however, this promise often falls short: recent studies show that cross-compiling the same C/C++ source to Wasm and native binaries frequently leads to runtime discrepancies, owing to library implementation differences or compiler bugs. Since the root causes lie in the platform-level runtime and are hidden beneath the source code, even state-of-the-art LLM-based repair agents often fail to fix these discrepancies. In this paper, we present WasmMend, the first system to automatically repair Native-Wasm functional discrepancies. WasmMend converts the undirected exploration to a focused reasoning task in two stages: First, a novel differential trace analysis approach localizes the function where Wasm and native executions initially diverge; guided by this localization, LLM agents then reason about the root causes and generate patches that eliminate the divergent behavior. Experiments on real-world C/C++ projects show that WasmMend achieves a fix rate of 70.0%, compared to 50.2% for the agentic baseline and 54.5\% for the approach augmented with repair-time LLM-based instrumentation, demonstrating the value of divergence-guided reasoning for cross-platform repair.

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