UBone3D: Physics-Rectified Conditional Flow Matching for Anatomical 3D Shape Completion from Ultrasound

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2609.11506v1
• Date: Thu, 10 Sep 2026 13:13:29 GMT
• Title: UBone3D: Physics-Rectified Conditional Flow Matching for Anatomical 3D Shape Completion from Ultrasound
• Abstract summary: Three-dimensional ultrasound (US) is a safe, radiation-free complementary modality to CT and X-rays for longitudinal monitoring.<n>It is challenging to recover a clean and complete anatomical structure from such US point clouds.<n>We present UBone3D, a novel framework that performs point cloud completion directly from partial US observations.
• Score: 16.446161873363064
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Three-dimensional ultrasound (US) is a safe, radiation-free complementary modality to CT and X-rays for longitudinal monitoring, yet its segmentation-derived partial point clouds are extremely artifact-laden. Consequently, it is challenging to recover a clean and complete anatomical structure from such US point clouds. In this paper, we present UBone3D, a novel framework based on physics-rectified conditional flow matching (CFM) that performs point cloud completion directly from partial US observations. UBone3D models deterministic physics artifacts (e.g., surface thickening, streaking, dropouts) via a simulated physics proxy, and introduces test-time physics rectification to steer the shape completion. At inference, the completion is jointly steered by two decoupled forces: (1) anatomical plausibility enforced by a CT-trained generative shape prior, BoneFM, and (2) physics consistency enforced by USimNet in the ultrasound formation space. Extensive experiments on simulated and in-vivo data demonstrate significant improvements in reconstruction accuracy and anatomical fidelity over existing baselines.

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