Physics-enriched neural solvers for transient ice-flow simulation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2609.12900v1
• Date: Fri, 11 Sep 2026 14:26:12 GMT
• Title: Physics-enriched neural solvers for transient ice-flow simulation
• Abstract summary: We show that supplying the network with inexpensive input fields derived from low-order ice-flow balances improves this online solver.<n>Across three real-world glacier configurations, the enriched solver is markedly more robust to solver settings.
• Score: 0.21892916695245224
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Transient glacier simulations with higher-order ice flow require the repeated solution of a nonlinear problem as the geometry evolves. In the online mode of the Instructed Glacier Model, the velocity field is represented by a neural network whose weights are warm-started from the previous time step and updated with a few optimizer iterations. We show that supplying the network with inexpensive input fields derived from low-order ice-flow balances improves this online solver. Unlike residual-based physics-informed neural networks, which incorporate physics through governing-equation penalties in the loss, our approach leaves the governing energy objective unchanged, adding physical structure through the network inputs. Across three real-world glacier configurations, the enriched solver is markedly more robust to solver settings. On the two alpine cases, it also improves the tuned accuracy--runtime trade-off, reducing surface-velocity errors by factors of two to four at fixed runtime and reaching few-percent relative errors with only $10^4$--$10^5$ trainable parameters, far fewer than comparable raw-input baselines. A 300-year Aletsch simulation then completes in under one minute, and the larger Valais domain in about two minutes, on a single GPU---a budget once reserved for much simpler shallow-ice models. Gains are smaller for the fast marine-terminating glacier, where nonlocal stress coupling favors larger or spectral networks. More broadly, the results suggest that enriching a neural solver's inputs with reduced-order physics can make repeated higher-order solves much cheaper, with no training data and no offline training.

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