Mitigating Coherent Noise by Balancing Weight-2 $Z$-Stabilizers

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.00197v5
• Date: Tue, 16 Nov 2021 17:21:47 GMT
• Title: Mitigating Coherent Noise by Balancing Weight-2 $Z$-Stabilizers
• Authors: Jingzhen Hu, Qingzhong Liang, Narayanan Rengaswamy, Robert Calderbank
• Abstract summary: Physical platforms such as trapped ions suffer from coherent noise where errors manifest as rotations about a particular axis and can accumulate over time. We investigate passive mitigation through decoherence free subspaces, requiring the noise to preserve the code space of a stabilizer code. By adjusting the size of these components, we are able to construct a large family of QECC codes, oblivious to coherent noise.
• Score: 2.4851820343103035
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Physical platforms such as trapped ions suffer from coherent noise where errors manifest as rotations about a particular axis and can accumulate over time. We investigate passive mitigation through decoherence free subspaces, requiring the noise to preserve the code space of a stabilizer code, and to act as the logical identity operator on the protected information. Thus, we develop necessary and sufficient conditions for all transversal $Z$-rotations to preserve the code space of a stabilizer code, which require the weight-$2$ $Z$-stabilizers to cover all the qubits that are in the support of some $X$-component. Further, the weight-$2$ $Z$-stabilizers generate a direct product of single-parity-check codes with even block length. By adjusting the size of these components, we are able to construct a large family of QECC codes, oblivious to coherent noise, that includes the $[[4L^2, 1, 2L]]$ Shor codes. Moreover, given $M$ even and any $[[n,k,d]]$ stabilizer code, we can construct an $[[Mn, k, \ge d]]$ stabilizer code that is oblivious to coherent noise. If we require that transversal $Z$-rotations preserve the code space only up to some finite level $l$ in the Clifford hierarchy, then we can construct higher level gates necessary for universal quantum computation. The $Z$-stabilizers supported on each non-zero $X$-component form a classical binary code C, which is required to contain a self-dual code, and the classical Gleason's theorem constrains its weight enumerator. The conditions for a stabilizer code being preserved by transversal $2\pi/2^l$ $Z$-rotations at $4 \le l \le l_{\max} <\infty$ level in the Clifford hierarchy lead to generalizations of Gleason's theorem that may be of independent interest to classical coding theorists.

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