Information Scrambling in Computationally Complex Quantum Circuits
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2101.08870v1
- Date: Thu, 21 Jan 2021 22:18:49 GMT
- Title: Information Scrambling in Computationally Complex Quantum Circuits
- Authors: Xiao Mi, Pedram Roushan, Chris Quintana, Salvatore Mandra, Jeffrey
Marshall, Charles Neill, Frank Arute, Kunal Arya, Juan Atalaya, Ryan Babbush,
Joseph C. Bardin, Rami Barends, Andreas Bengtsson, Sergio Boixo, Alexandre
Bourassa, Michael Broughton, Bob B. Buckley, David A. Buell, Brian Burkett,
Nicholas Bushnell, Zijun Chen, Benjamin Chiaro, Roberto Collins, William
Courtney, Sean Demura, Alan R. Derk, Andrew Dunsworth, Daniel Eppens,
Catherine Erickson, Edward Farhi, Austin G. Fowler, Brooks Foxen, Craig
Gidney, Marissa Giustina, Jonathan A. Gross, Matthew P. Harrigan, Sean D.
Harrington, Jeremy Hilton, Alan Ho, Sabrina Hong, Trent Huang, William J.
Huggins, L. B. Ioffe, Sergei V. Isakov, Evan Jeffrey, Zhang Jiang, Cody
Jones, Dvir Kafri, Julian Kelly, Seon Kim, Alexei Kitaev, Paul V. Klimov,
Alexander N. Korotkov, Fedor Kostritsa, David Landhuis, Pavel Laptev, Erik
Lucero, Orion Martin, Jarrod R. McClean, Trevor McCourt, Matt McEwen, Anthony
Megrant, Kevin C. Miao, Masoud Mohseni, Wojciech Mruczkiewicz, Josh Mutus,
Ofer Naaman, Matthew Neeley, Michael Newman, Murphy Yuezhen Niu, Thomas E.
O'Brien, Alex Opremcak, Eric Ostby, Balint Pato, Andre Petukhov, Nicholas
Redd, Nicholas C. Rubin, Daniel Sank, Kevin J. Satzinger, Vladimir Shvarts,
Doug Strain, Marco Szalay, Matthew D. Trevithick, Benjamin Villalonga,
Theodore White, Z. Jamie Yao, Ping Yeh, Adam Zalcman, Hartmut Neven, Igor
Aleiner, Kostyantyn Kechedzhi, Vadim Smelyanskiy, Yu Chen
- Abstract summary: We experimentally investigate the dynamics of quantum scrambling on a 53-qubit quantum processor.
We show that while operator spreading is captured by an efficient classical model, operator entanglement requires exponentially scaled computational resources to simulate.
- Score: 56.22772134614514
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Interaction in quantum systems can spread initially localized quantum
information into the many degrees of freedom of the entire system.
Understanding this process, known as quantum scrambling, is the key to
resolving various conundrums in physics. Here, by measuring the time-dependent
evolution and fluctuation of out-of-time-order correlators, we experimentally
investigate the dynamics of quantum scrambling on a 53-qubit quantum processor.
We engineer quantum circuits that distinguish the two mechanisms associated
with quantum scrambling, operator spreading and operator entanglement, and
experimentally observe their respective signatures. We show that while operator
spreading is captured by an efficient classical model, operator entanglement
requires exponentially scaled computational resources to simulate. These
results open the path to studying complex and practically relevant physical
observables with near-term quantum processors.
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