Observation-dependent suppression and enhancement of two-photon
coincidences by tailored losses
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.05459v1
- Date: Wed, 12 May 2021 06:47:35 GMT
- Title: Observation-dependent suppression and enhancement of two-photon
coincidences by tailored losses
- Authors: Max Ehrhardt, Matthias Heinrich, Alexander Szameit
- Abstract summary: Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect can lead to a perfect suppression of two-particle coincidences between the output ports of a balanced beam splitter.
In this work, we demonstrate experimentally that the two-particle coincidence statistics of two bosons can instead be seamlessly tuned to substantial enhancement.
Our findings reveal a new approach to harnessing non-Hermitian settings for the manipulation of multi-particle quantum states.
- Score: 68.8204255655161
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: The uncanny ability of multiple particles to interfere with one another is
one of the core principles of quantum mechanics, and serves as foundation for
quantum information processing. In particular, the interplay of constructive
and destructive interference with the characteristic exchange statistics of
indistinguishable particles give rise to the Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect, where
the bunching of bosons can lead to a perfect suppression of two-particle
coincidences between the output ports of a balanced beam splitter. Conversely,
in the case of two fermions, anti-bunching can systematically enhance these
coincidences up to twice the baseline value of distinguishable particles. As
such, the respective emergence of dips or peaks in the HOM experiment may at
first glance appear to be indicative of the bosonic/fermionic nature of the
incident particles. In this work, we demonstrate experimentally that the
two-particle coincidence statistics of two bosons can instead be seamlessly
tuned from the expected case of suppression to substantial enhancement by an
appropriate choice of the observation basis. To this end, our photonic setting
leverages birefringent polarization couplers to selectively introduce
dissipation in the photons polarization degree of freedom. Notably, the
mechanism underpinning this this highly unusual behaviour does not act on the
individual phases accumulated by pairs of particles along specific paths, but
instead allows them to jointly evade losses, while indistinguishable photons
are prevented from being simultaneously detected in orthogonal modes. Our
findings reveal a new approach to harnessing non-Hermitian settings for the
manipulation of multi-particle quantum states and as functional elements in
quantum simulation and information processing.
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