Secondary Use of Clinical Problem List Entries for Neural Network-Based Disease Code Assignment

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.13756v2
• Date: Fri, 19 May 2023 09:41:04 GMT
• Title: Secondary Use of Clinical Problem List Entries for Neural Network-Based Disease Code Assignment
• Authors: Markus Kreuzthaler, Bastian Pfeifer, Diether Kramer and Stefan Schulz
• Abstract summary: We explore automated coding of 50 character long clinical problem list entries using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) A fastText baseline reached a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.83, followed by a character-level LSTM with a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.84. A neural network activation analysis together with an investigation of the false positives and false negatives unveiled inconsistent manual coding as a main limiting factor.
• Score: 1.3190581566723918
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Clinical information systems have become large repositories for semi-structured and partly annotated electronic health record data, which have reached a critical mass that makes them interesting for supervised data-driven neural network approaches. We explored automated coding of 50 character long clinical problem list entries using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and evaluated three different types of network architectures on the top 100 ICD-10 three-digit codes. A fastText baseline reached a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.83, followed by a character-level LSTM with a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.84. The top performing approach used a downstreamed RoBERTa model with a custom language model, yielding a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.88. A neural network activation analysis together with an investigation of the false positives and false negatives unveiled inconsistent manual coding as a main limiting factor.

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