Experimental demonstration of optimal unambiguous two-out-of-four quantum state elimination

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2207.00019v1
• Date: Thu, 30 Jun 2022 18:00:01 GMT
• Title: Experimental demonstration of optimal unambiguous two-out-of-four quantum state elimination
• Authors: Jonathan W. Webb, Ittoop V. Puthoor, Joseph Ho, Jonathan Crickmore, Emma Blakely, Alessandro Fedrizzi, Erika Andersson
• Abstract summary: A core principle of quantum theory is that non-orthogonal quantum states cannot be perfectly distinguished with single-shot measurements. Here we implement a quantum state elimination measurement which unambiguously rules out two of four pure, non-orthogonal quantum states.
• Score: 52.77024349608834
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: A core principle of quantum theory is that non-orthogonal quantum states cannot be perfectly distinguished with single-shot measurements. However, it is possible to exclude a subset of non-orthogonal states without error in certain circumstances. Here we implement a quantum state elimination measurement which unambiguously rules out two of four pure, non-orthogonal quantum states -- ideally without error and with unit success probability. This is a generalised quantum measurement with six outcomes, where each outcome corresponds to excluding a pair of states. Our experimental realisation uses single photons, with information encoded in a four-dimensional state using optical path and polarisation degrees of freedom. The prepared state is incorrectly ruled out up to $3.3(2)\%$ of the time.

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