Quantum phase transition in XXZ central spin model
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2207.04191v1
- Date: Sat, 9 Jul 2022 04:25:35 GMT
- Title: Quantum phase transition in XXZ central spin model
- Authors: Lei Shao, Rui Zhang, Wangjun Lu, Zhucheng Zhang, Xiaoguang Wang
- Abstract summary: In general, the quantum phase transition (QPT) is supposed to occur only in the thermodynamical limit.
We present that the central spin model exhibits a normal-to-superradiant phase transition in the limit.
This work builds a novel connection between the qubit-spin systems and the qubit-field systems, which provides a possibility for the realization of criticality-enhanced quantum sensing in central spin systems.
- Score: 7.229913921849519
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: We investigate the quantum phase transition (QPT) in the XXZ central spin
model, which can be described as a spin-1/2 particle coupled to N bath spins.
In general, the QPT is supposed to occur only in the thermodynamical limit. In
contrast, we present that the central spin model exhibits a
normal-to-superradiant phase transition in the limit where the ratio of the
transition frequency of the central spin to that of the bath spins and the
number of the bath spins tend to infinity. We give the low-energy effective
Hamiltonian analytically in the normal phase and the superradiant phase, and we
find that the longitudinal interaction can significantly influence the
excitation number and the coherence of the ground state. These two quantities
are remarkably enhanced for the negative longitudinal interaction while
suppressed for the positive longitudinal interaction. We also use the quantum
Fisher information (QFI) to characterize the QPT and illustrate a measurement
scheme that can be applied in practice. This work builds a novel connection
between the qubit-spin systems and the qubit-field systems, which provides a
possibility for the realization of criticality-enhanced quantum sensing in
central spin systems.
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