How Much Hate with #china? A Preliminary Analysis on China-related
Hateful Tweets Two Years After the Covid Pandemic Began
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.06116v1
- Date: Fri, 11 Nov 2022 10:48:00 GMT
- Title: How Much Hate with #china? A Preliminary Analysis on China-related
Hateful Tweets Two Years After the Covid Pandemic Began
- Authors: Jinghua Xu, Zarah Weiss
- Abstract summary: Donald Trump's ''Chinese Virus'' tweet shifted the blame for the spread of the Covid-19 virus to China and the Chinese people.
This research intends to examine China-related hate speech on Twitter during the two years following the burst of the pandemic.
We identify a hateful rate in #china tweets of 2.5% in 2020 and 1.9% in 2021.
- Score: 1.713291434132985
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Following the outbreak of a global pandemic, online content is filled with
hate speech. Donald Trump's ''Chinese Virus'' tweet shifted the blame for the
spread of the Covid-19 virus to China and the Chinese people, which triggered a
new round of anti-China hate both online and offline. This research intends to
examine China-related hate speech on Twitter during the two years following the
burst of the pandemic (2020 and 2021). Through Twitter's API, in total
2,172,333 tweets hashtagged #china posted during the time were collected. By
employing multiple state-of-the-art pretrained language models for hate speech
detection, we identify a wide range of hate of various types, resulting in an
automatically labeled anti-China hate speech dataset. We identify a hateful
rate in #china tweets of 2.5% in 2020 and 1.9% in 2021. This is well above the
average rate of online hate speech on Twitter at 0.6% identified in Gao et al.,
2017. We further analyzed the longitudinal development of #china tweets and
those identified as hateful in 2020 and 2021 through visualizing the daily
number and hate rate over the two years. Our keyword analysis of hate speech in
#china tweets reveals the most frequently mentioned terms in the hateful #china
tweets, which can be used for further social science studies.
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