A Data-Driven Gaussian Process Filter for Electrocardiogram Denoising

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.02607v2
• Date: Tue, 9 Jan 2024 16:44:15 GMT
• Title: A Data-Driven Gaussian Process Filter for Electrocardiogram Denoising
• Authors: Mircea Dumitru, Qiao Li, Erick Andres Perez Alday, Ali Bahrami Rad, Gari D. Clifford, Reza Sameni
• Abstract summary: The proposed GP filter is evaluated and compared with a state-of-the-art wavelet-based filter on the PhysioNet QT Database. It is shown that the proposed GP filter outperforms the benchmark filter for all the tested noise levels. It also outperforms the state-of-the-art filter in terms of QT-interval estimation error bias and variance.
• Score: 5.359295206355495
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Objective: Gaussian Processes (GP)-based filters, which have been effectively used for various applications including electrocardiogram (ECG) filtering can be computationally demanding and the choice of their hyperparameters is typically ad hoc. Methods: We develop a data-driven GP filter to address both issues, using the notion of the ECG phase domain -- a time-warped representation of the ECG beats onto a fixed number of samples and aligned R-peaks, which is assumed to follow a Gaussian distribution. Under this assumption, the computation of the sample mean and covariance matrix is simplified, enabling an efficient implementation of the GP filter in a data-driven manner, with no ad hoc hyperparameters. The proposed filter is evaluated and compared with a state-of-the-art wavelet-based filter, on the PhysioNet QT Database. The performance is evaluated by measuring the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of the filter at SNR levels ranging from -5 to 30dB, in 5dB steps, using additive noise. For a clinical evaluation, the error between the estimated QT-intervals of the original and filtered signals is measured and compared with the benchmark filter. Results: It is shown that the proposed GP filter outperforms the benchmark filter for all the tested noise levels. It also outperforms the state-of-the-art filter in terms of QT-interval estimation error bias and variance. Conclusion: The proposed GP filter is a versatile technique for preprocessing the ECG in clinical and research applications, is applicable to ECG of arbitrary lengths and sampling frequencies, and provides confidence intervals for its performance.

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