Quantum friction in the presence of a perfectly conducting plate
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.00948v1
- Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2023 03:54:30 GMT
- Title: Quantum friction in the presence of a perfectly conducting plate
- Authors: Xin Guo, Kimball A. Milton, Gerard Kennedy and Nima Pourtolami
- Abstract summary: A neutral but polarizable particle at rest near a perfectly conducting plate feels a force normal to the surface of the plate, which tends to pull the particle towards the plate.
This is the well-known Casimir-Polder force, which has long been theoretically proposed and experimentally observed.
- Score: 4.031388559887924
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: A neutral but polarizable particle at rest near a perfectly conducting plate
feels a force normal to the surface of the plate, which tends to pull the
particle towards the plate. This is the well-known Casimir-Polder force, which
has long been theoretically proposed and experimentally observed. In this
paper, we explore the transverse frictional force on an atom moving uniformly
parallel to a perfectly conducting plate. Although many theoretical predictions
can be found for the quantum friction on a particle moving above an imperfect
surface, the extreme situation with a perfectly conducting plate seems to have
been largely ignored by the theoretical community. We investigate this ideal
case as a natural extension of our previous works on quantum vacuum friction
(blackbody friction), and conclude that there does exist a quantum frictional
force on an atom moving above a perfectly conducting plate. Very interestingly,
the distance dependence, the temperature dependence and even the sign of the
frictional force can depend on the polarization state of the atom. For an
isotropic atom with a static polarizability, the resultant frictional force is
found to be negative definite and therefore remains a true drag. Just above the
surface of the plate, the magnitude of the frictional force is twice that of
the quantum vacuum friction in the absence of the plate.
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