On the stability of dissipatively-prepared Mott insulators of photons

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2303.09673v3
• Date: Fri, 8 Dec 2023 21:05:21 GMT
• Title: On the stability of dissipatively-prepared Mott insulators of photons
• Authors: Orazio Scarlatella, Aashish A. Clerk, and Marco Schir\`o
• Abstract summary: We study a paradigmatic model that can realize a Mott insulator of photons in its steady-state. We show that while in some regimes its steady state approximates a Mott-insulating ground state, this phase can become unstable. This instability is completely distinct from the ground-state Mott-insulator to superfluid transition.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Reservoir engineering is a powerful approach for using controlled driven-dissipative dynamics to prepare target quantum states and phases. In this work, we study a paradigmatic model that can realize a Mott insulator of photons in its steady-state. We show that, while in some regimes its steady state approximates a Mott-insulating ground state, this phase can become unstable through a non-equilibrium transition towards a coherent yet non-classical limit-cycle phase, driven by doublon excitations. This instability is completely distinct from the ground-state Mott-insulator to superfluid transition. This difference has dramatic observable consequences and leads to an intrinsic fragility of the steady-state Mott phase: a fast pump compared to losses is required to sustain the phase, but also determines a small critical hopping. We identify unique features of the steady-state Mott phase and its instability, that distinguish them from their ground-state counterpart and can be measured in experiments.

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