Noncommuting conserved charges in quantum thermodynamics and beyond
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00054v2
- Date: Thu, 7 Sep 2023 19:07:24 GMT
- Title: Noncommuting conserved charges in quantum thermodynamics and beyond
- Authors: Shayan Majidy, William F. Braasch Jr., Aleksander Lasek, Twesh
Upadhyaya, Amir Kalev, Nicole Yunger Halpern
- Abstract summary: How do noncommuting charges affect thermodynamic phenomena?
Charges' noncommutation has been found to invalidate derivations of the thermal state's form.
Evidence suggests that noncommuting charges may hinder thermalization in some ways while enhancing thermalization in others.
- Score: 39.781091151259766
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
- Abstract: Thermodynamic systems typically conserve quantities ("charges") such as
energy and particle number. The charges are often assumed implicitly to commute
with each other. Yet quantum phenomena such as uncertainty relations rely on
observables' failure to commute. How do noncommuting charges affect
thermodynamic phenomena? This question, upon arising at the intersection of
quantum information theory and thermodynamics, spread recently across many-body
physics. Charges' noncommutation has been found to invalidate derivations of
the thermal state's form, decrease entropy production, conflict with the
eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, and more. This Perspective surveys key
results in, opportunities for, and work adjacent to the quantum thermodynamics
of noncommuting charges. Open problems include a conceptual puzzle: Evidence
suggests that noncommuting charges may hinder thermalization in some ways while
enhancing thermalization in others.
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