Multi-Level Variational Spectroscopy using a Programmable Quantum Simulator

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.02110v1
• Date: Sat, 3 Jun 2023 13:29:21 GMT
• Title: Multi-Level Variational Spectroscopy using a Programmable Quantum Simulator
• Authors: Zhikun Han, Chufan Lyu, Yuxuan Zhou, Jiahao Yuan, Ji Chu, Wuerkaixi Nuerbolati, Hao Jia, Lifu Nie, Weiwei Wei, Zusheng Yang, Libo Zhang, Ziyan Zhang, Chang-Kang Hu, Ling Hu, Jian Li, Dian Tan, Abolfazl Bayat, Song Liu, Fei Yan, and Dapeng Yu
• Abstract summary: We experimentally demonstrate multi-level variational spectroscopy for fundamental many-body Hamiltonians using a superconducting programmable digital quantum simulator. By exploiting symmetries, we effectively reduce circuit depth and optimization parameters allowing us to go beyond the ground state. Our study highlights symmetry-assisted resource efficiency in variational quantum algorithms and lays the foundation for practical spectroscopy on near-term quantum simulators.
• Score: 13.190433327224264
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Energy spectroscopy is a powerful tool with diverse applications across various disciplines. The advent of programmable digital quantum simulators opens new possibilities for conducting spectroscopy on various models using a single device. Variational quantum-classical algorithms have emerged as a promising approach for achieving such tasks on near-term quantum simulators, despite facing significant quantum and classical resource overheads. Here, we experimentally demonstrate multi-level variational spectroscopy for fundamental many-body Hamiltonians using a superconducting programmable digital quantum simulator. By exploiting symmetries, we effectively reduce circuit depth and optimization parameters allowing us to go beyond the ground state. Combined with the subspace search method, we achieve full spectroscopy for a 4-qubit Heisenberg spin chain, yielding an average deviation of 0.13 between experimental and theoretical energies, assuming unity coupling strength. Our method, when extended to 8-qubit Heisenberg and transverse-field Ising Hamiltonians, successfully determines the three lowest energy levels. In achieving the above, we introduce a circuit-agnostic waveform compilation method that enhances the robustness of our simulator against signal crosstalk. Our study highlights symmetry-assisted resource efficiency in variational quantum algorithms and lays the foundation for practical spectroscopy on near-term quantum simulators, with potential applications in quantum chemistry and condensed matter physics.

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