Additive GaN solid immersion lenses for enhanced photon extraction efficiency from diamond color centers

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.11671v1
• Date: Tue, 20 Jun 2023 16:48:34 GMT
• Title: Additive GaN solid immersion lenses for enhanced photon extraction efficiency from diamond color centers
• Authors: Xingrui Cheng, Nils Kolja Wessling, Saptarsi Ghosh, Andrew R. Kirkpatrick, Menno J. Kappers, Yashna N. D. Lekhai, Gavin W. Morley, Rachel A. Oliver, Jason M. Smith, Martin D. Dawson, Patrick S. Salter, Michael J. Strain
• Abstract summary: We report increased fluorescent light collection efficiency from laser-written nitrogen vacancy centers (NV) in bulk diamond facilitated by micro-transfer printed GaN solid immersion lenses. The micro-lenses are integrated in a non-invasive manner, as they are added on top of the unstructured diamond surface and bond by Van-der-Waals forces.
• Score: 0.8146444405225518
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Effective light extraction from optically active solid-state spin centres inside high-index semiconductor host crystals is an important factor in integrating these pseudo-atomic centres in wider quantum systems. Here we report increased fluorescent light collection efficiency from laser-written nitrogen vacancy centers (NV) in bulk diamond facilitated by micro-transfer printed GaN solid immersion lenses. Both laser-writing of NV centres and transfer printing of micro-lens structures are compatible with high spatial resolution, enabling deterministic fabrication routes towards future scalable systems development. The micro-lenses are integrated in a non-invasive manner, as they are added on top of the unstructured diamond surface and bond by Van-der-Waals forces. For emitters at 5 micrometer depth, we find approximately 2x improvement of fluorescent light collection using an air objective with a numerical aperture of NA = 0.95 in good agreement with simulations. Similarly, the solid immersion lenses strongly enhance light collection when using an objective with NA = 0.5, significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the NV center emission while maintaining the NV's quantum properties after integration.

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