Enhanced quantum sensing with amplification and deamplification

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.00177v1
• Date: Fri, 1 Sep 2023 00:09:08 GMT
• Title: Enhanced quantum sensing with amplification and deamplification
• Authors: Min Jiang, Yushu Qin, Yuanhong Wang, Ying Huang, Xinhua Peng, Dmitry Budker
• Abstract summary: We report the first demonstration of Fano resonance between coupled alkali-metal and noble gases through rapid spin-exchange collisions. We develop a novel scheme of quantum sensing enhanced by amplification and deamplification, with relaxed requirements on the detection noise. Our work opens new avenues to applications in searches for ultralight dark matter with sensitivity well beyond the supernova-observation constraints.
• Score: 4.561604895218612
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum sensing is a fundamental building block of modern technology that employs quantum resources and creates new opportunities for precision measurements. However, previous methods usually have a common assumption that detection noise levels should be below the intrinsic sensitivity provided by quantum resources. Here we report the first demonstration of Fano resonance between coupled alkali-metal and noble gases through rapid spin-exchange collisions. The Fano resonance gives rise to two intriguing phenomena: spin amplification and deamplification, which serve as crucial resources for enhanced sensing. Further we develop a novel scheme of quantum sensing enhanced by amplification and deamplification, with relaxed requirements on the detection noise. The coupled systems of alkali-metal and noble gases act as amplifiers or de-amplifiers, enabling to extract small signals above the detection noise before final detection. We demonstrate magnetic-field measurement about 54 decibels below the photon-shot noise, which outperforms the state-of-the-art squeezed-light technology and realizes femtotesla-level sensitivity. Our work opens new avenues to applications in searches for ultralight dark matter with sensitivity well beyond the supernova-observation constraints.

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