Deep Learning Predicts Biomarker Status and Discovers Related Histomorphology Characteristics for Low-Grade Glioma

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.07464v1
• Date: Wed, 11 Oct 2023 13:05:33 GMT
• Title: Deep Learning Predicts Biomarker Status and Discovers Related Histomorphology Characteristics for Low-Grade Glioma
• Authors: Zijie Fang, Yihan Liu, Yifeng Wang, Xiangyang Zhang, Yang Chen, Changjing Cai, Yiyang Lin, Ying Han, Zhi Wang, Shan Zeng, Hong Shen, Jun Tan, Yongbing Zhang
• Abstract summary: Biomarker detection is an indispensable part in the diagnosis and treatment of low-grade glioma (LGG) We propose an interpretable deep learning pipeline to predict the status of five biomarkers in LGG using only hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole slide images and slide-level biomarker status labels. Our pipeline not only provides a novel approach for biomarker prediction, enhancing the applicability of molecular treatments for LGG patients but also facilitates the discovery of new mechanisms in molecular functionality and LGG progression.
• Score: 21.281553456323998
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Biomarker detection is an indispensable part in the diagnosis and treatment of low-grade glioma (LGG). However, current LGG biomarker detection methods rely on expensive and complex molecular genetic testing, for which professionals are required to analyze the results, and intra-rater variability is often reported. To overcome these challenges, we propose an interpretable deep learning pipeline, a Multi-Biomarker Histomorphology Discoverer (Multi-Beholder) model based on the multiple instance learning (MIL) framework, to predict the status of five biomarkers in LGG using only hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole slide images and slide-level biomarker status labels. Specifically, by incorporating the one-class classification into the MIL framework, accurate instance pseudo-labeling is realized for instance-level supervision, which greatly complements the slide-level labels and improves the biomarker prediction performance. Multi-Beholder demonstrates superior prediction performance and generalizability for five LGG biomarkers (AUROC=0.6469-0.9735) in two cohorts (n=607) with diverse races and scanning protocols. Moreover, the excellent interpretability of Multi-Beholder allows for discovering the quantitative and qualitative correlations between biomarker status and histomorphology characteristics. Our pipeline not only provides a novel approach for biomarker prediction, enhancing the applicability of molecular treatments for LGG patients but also facilitates the discovery of new mechanisms in molecular functionality and LGG progression.

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