P1 center electron spin clusters are prevalent in type Ib diamond
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.05396v1
- Date: Thu, 9 Nov 2023 14:26:33 GMT
- Title: P1 center electron spin clusters are prevalent in type Ib diamond
- Authors: Santiago Bussandri, Daphna Shimon, Asif Equbal, Yuhang Ren, Susumu
Takahashi, Chandrasekhar Ramanathan, Songi Han
- Abstract summary: We use dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques to study P1 centers.
P1 centers serve as a polarization source for DNP quantum sensing and play a significant role in the relaxation of NV centers.
We propose that room temperature $13$C DNP at high field, achievable through straightforward modifications to existing solution-state NMR systems, is a potent tool for evaluating and controlling diamond defects.
- Score: 0.18531599702807572
- License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
- Abstract: Understanding the spatial distribution of P1 centers is crucial for
diamond-based sensors and quantum devices. P1 centers serve as a polarization
source for DNP quantum sensing and play a significant role in the relaxation of
NV centers. Additionally, the distribution of NV centers correlates with the
distribution of P1 centers, as NV centers are formed through the conversion of
P1 centers. We utilized dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and pulsed electron
paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques that revealed strong clustering of a
significant population of P1 centers that exhibit exchange coupling and produce
asymmetric lineshapes. The $^{13}$C DNP frequency profile at high magnetic
field revealed a pattern that requires an asymmetric EPR lineshape of the P1
clusters with electron-electron (e-e) coupling strengths exceeding the $^{13}$C
nuclear Larmor frequency. EPR and DNP characterization at high magnetic fields
was necessary to resolve energy contributions from different e-e couplings. We
employed a two-frequency pump-probe pulsed Electron Double Resonance (ELDOR)
technique to show crosstalk between the isolated and clustered P1 centers. This
finding implies that the clustered P1 centers affect all P1 populations. Direct
observation of clustered P1 centers and their asymmetric lineshape is a novel
and crucial insight into understanding magnetic noise sources for quantum
information applications of diamonds and for designing diamond-based polarizing
agents with optimized DNP efficiency for $^{13}$C and other nuclear spins of
analytes. We propose that room temperature $^{13}$C DNP at high field,
achievable through straightforward modifications to existing solution-state NMR
systems, is a potent tool for evaluating and controlling diamond defects.
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