Related papers: Quantum and classical query complexities of functions of matrices

Quantum and classical query complexities of functions of matrices

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.06999v2
Date: Wed, 21 Feb 2024 04:44:44 GMT
Title: Quantum and classical query complexities of functions of matrices
Authors: Ashley Montanaro and Changpeng Shao
Abstract summary: We show that for any continuous function $f(x):[-1,1]rightarrow [-1,1]$, the quantum query complexity of computing $brai f(A) ketjpm varepsilon/4$ is lower bounded by $Omega(widetildedeg_varepsilon(f))$.
Score: 0.0
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract: Let $A$ be an $s$-sparse Hermitian matrix, $f(x)$ be a univariate function, and $i, j$ be two indices. In this work, we investigate the query complexity of approximating $\bra{i} f(A) \ket{j}$. We show that for any continuous function $f(x):[-1,1]\rightarrow [-1,1]$, the quantum query complexity of computing $\bra{i} f(A) \ket{j}\pm \varepsilon/4$ is lower bounded by $\Omega(\widetilde{\deg}_\varepsilon(f))$. The upper bound is at most quadratic in $\widetilde{\deg}_\varepsilon(f)$ and is linear in $\widetilde{\deg}_\varepsilon(f)$ under certain mild assumptions on $A$. Here the approximate degree $\widetilde{\deg}_\varepsilon(f)$ is the minimum degree such that there is a polynomial of that degree approximating $f$ up to additive error $\varepsilon$ in the interval $[-1,1]$. We also show that the classical query complexity is lower bounded by $\widetilde{\Omega}((s/2)^{(\widetilde{\deg}_{2\varepsilon}(f)-1)/6})$ for any $s\geq 4$. Our results show that the quantum and classical separation is exponential for any continuous function of sparse Hermitian matrices, and also imply the optimality of implementing smooth functions of sparse Hermitian matrices by quantum singular value transformation. The main techniques we used are the dual polynomial method for functions over the reals, linear semi-infinite programming, and tridiagonal matrices.

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