Quantum-grade nanodiamonds for ultrabright spin detection in live cells

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2312.17603v2
• Date: Wed, 31 Jan 2024 07:27:39 GMT
• Title: Quantum-grade nanodiamonds for ultrabright spin detection in live cells
• Authors: Keisuke Oshimi, Hiromu Nakashima, Sara Mandi\'c, Hina Kobayashi, Minori Teramoto, Hirokazu Tsuji, Yoshiki Nishibayashi, Yutaka Shikano, Toshu An, and Masazumi Fujiwara
• Abstract summary: Optically accessible spin-active nanomaterials are promising as quantum nanosensors for probing biological samples. We demonstrate ultrabright fluorescent nanodiamonds (NDs) containing 0.6-1.3-ppm nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers by spin-environment engineering.
• Score: 0.49824235871245376
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: Optically accessible spin-active nanomaterials are promising as quantum nanosensors for probing biological samples. However, achieving bioimaging-level brightness and high-quality spin properties for these materials is challenging and hinders their application in quantum biosensing. Here, we demonstrate ultrabright fluorescent nanodiamonds (NDs) containing 0.6-1.3-ppm nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers by spin-environment engineering via enriching spin-less 12C-carbon isotopes and reducing substitutional nitrogen spin impurities. The NDs, readily introduced into cultured cells, exhibited substantially narrow optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectra, requiring 16-times less microwave excitation power to give an ODMR depth comparable to that of conventional type-Ib NDs. They show average spin-relaxation times of T1 = 0.68 ms and T_2 = 1.6 us (1.6 ms and 2.7 us maximum) that were 5- and 11-fold longer than those of type-Ib, respectively. The bulk-like NV spin properties and bright fluorescence demonstrated in this study significantly improve the sensitivity of ND-based quantum sensors for biological applications.

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