TransliCo: A Contrastive Learning Framework to Address the Script Barrier in Multilingual Pretrained Language Models

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.06620v2
• Date: Thu, 23 May 2024 13:30:09 GMT
• Title: TransliCo: A Contrastive Learning Framework to Address the Script Barrier in Multilingual Pretrained Language Models
• Authors: Yihong Liu, Chunlan Ma, Haotian Ye, Hinrich Schütze,
• Abstract summary: We propose TransliCo to fine-tune an mPLM by contrasting sentences in its training data and their transliterations in a unified script. We show that Furina outperforms the original Glot500-m on various zero-shot crosslingual transfer tasks.
• Score: 50.40191599304911
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: The world's more than 7000 languages are written in at least 293 scripts. Due to various reasons, many closely related languages use different scripts, which poses a difficulty for multilingual pretrained language models (mPLMs) in learning crosslingual knowledge through lexical overlap. As a consequence, mPLMs are faced with a script barrier: representations from different scripts are located in different subspaces, which can result in crosslingual transfer involving languages of different scripts performing suboptimally. To address this problem, we propose TransliCo, a framework that optimizes the Transliteration Contrastive Modeling (TCM) objective to fine-tune an mPLM by contrasting sentences in its training data and their transliterations in a unified script (in our case Latin), which enhances uniformity in the representation space for different scripts. Using Glot500-m, an mPLM pretrained on over 500 languages, as our source model, we fine-tune it on a small portion (5%) of its training data, and refer to the resulting model as Furina. We show that Furina not only better aligns representations from distinct scripts but also outperforms the original Glot500-m on various zero-shot crosslingual transfer tasks. Additionally, we achieve consistent improvement in a case study on the Indic group where the languages exhibit areal features but use different scripts. We make our code and models publicly available.

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