Related papers: Learning Properties of Quantum States Without the I.I.D. Assumption

Learning Properties of Quantum States Without the I.I.D. Assumption

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2401.16922v2
Date: Thu, 14 Nov 2024 17:23:57 GMT
Title: Learning Properties of Quantum States Without the I.I.D. Assumption
Authors: Omar Fawzi, Richard Kueng, Damian Markham, Aadil Oufkir,
Abstract summary: We develop a framework for learning properties of quantum states beyond the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) input states. We use rigorous quantum information theory to prove our main results.
Score: 7.537220883022466
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Abstract: We develop a framework for learning properties of quantum states beyond the assumption of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) input states. We prove that, given any learning problem (under reasonable assumptions), an algorithm designed for i.i.d. input states can be adapted to handle input states of any nature, albeit at the expense of a polynomial increase in training data size (aka sample complexity). Importantly, this polynomial increase in sample complexity can be substantially improved to polylogarithmic if the learning algorithm in question only requires non-adaptive, single-copy measurements. Among other applications, this allows us to generalize the classical shadow framework to the non-i.i.d. setting while only incurring a comparatively small loss in sample efficiency. We use rigorous quantum information theory to prove our main results. In particular, we leverage permutation invariance and randomized single-copy measurements to derive a new quantum de Finetti theorem that mainly addresses measurement outcome statistics and, in turn, scales much more favorably in Hilbert space dimension.

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