Observation of an Inverse Turbulent-Wave Cascade in a Driven Quantum Gas

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.01537v2
• Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2024 16:15:18 GMT
• Title: Observation of an Inverse Turbulent-Wave Cascade in a Driven Quantum Gas
• Authors: Andrey Karailiev, Martin Gazo, Maciej Gałka, Christoph Eigen, Tanish Satoor, Zoran Hadzibabic,
• Abstract summary: We observe an inverse turbulent-wave cascade, from small to large lengthscales, in a driven homogeneous 2D Bose gas. In further experiments, based on anisotropic driving, we reveal the complete qualitative picture of how the steady-state cascade forms.
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• Abstract: We observe an inverse turbulent-wave cascade, from small to large lengthscales, in a driven homogeneous 2D Bose gas. Starting with an equilibrium condensate, we drive the gas isotropically on a lengthscale much smaller than its size, and observe a nonthermal population of modes with wavelengths larger than the drive one. At long drive times, the gas exhibits a steady nonthermal momentum distribution. At lengthscales increasing from the drive one to the system size, this distribution features in turn: (i) a power-law spectrum with an exponent close to the analytical result for a particle cascade in weak-wave turbulence, and (ii) a spectrum reminiscent of a nonthermal fixed point associated with universal coarsening in an isolated 2D gas. In further experiments, based on anisotropic driving, we reveal the complete qualitative picture of how the steady-state cascade forms.

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