Symmetry breaking and non-ergodicity in a driven-dissipative ensemble of multi-level atoms in a cavity

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2405.09885v1
• Date: Thu, 16 May 2024 08:07:24 GMT
• Title: Symmetry breaking and non-ergodicity in a driven-dissipative ensemble of multi-level atoms in a cavity
• Authors: Enrique Hernandez, Elmer Suarez, Igor Lesanovsky, Beatriz Olmos, Philippe W. Courteille, Sebastian Slama,
• Abstract summary: We report a $mathbbZ$-symmetry-breaking phase transition in a system of multi-level $87$Rb atoms strongly coupled to a weakly driven two-mode optical cavity. In the symmetry-broken phase, non-ergodic dynamics manifests in the emergence of multiple stationary states with disjoint basins of attraction. Our experiment does not only showcase strongly dissipative atom-cavity systems as platforms for probing non-trivial collective many-body phenomena, but also highlights their potential for hosting technological applications.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Dissipative light-matter systems can display emergent collective behavior. Here, we report a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-symmetry-breaking phase transition in a system of multi-level $^{87}$Rb atoms strongly coupled to a weakly driven two-mode optical cavity. In the symmetry-broken phase, non-ergodic dynamics manifests in the emergence of multiple stationary states with disjoint basins of attraction. This feature enables the amplification of a small atomic population imbalance into a characteristic macroscopic cavity transmission signal. Our experiment does not only showcase strongly dissipative atom-cavity systems as platforms for probing non-trivial collective many-body phenomena, but also highlights their potential for hosting technological applications in the context of sensing, density classification, and pattern retrieval dynamics within associative memories.

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