SIC-POVMs and orders of real quadratic fields

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2407.08048v2
• Date: Fri, 27 Sep 2024 06:14:38 GMT
• Title: SIC-POVMs and orders of real quadratic fields
• Authors: Gene S. Kopp, Jeffrey C. Lagarias,
• Abstract summary: We consider the problem of counting and classifying symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (SICs or SIC-POVMs) We show the number of known equivalence classes of Weyl--Heisenberg covariant SICs in dimension $d$. We conjecture the equality extends to all $dgeq 4$.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: We consider the problem of counting and classifying symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (SICs or SIC-POVMs), that is, sets of $d^2$ equiangular lines in $\mathbb{C}^d$. For $4 \leq d \leq 90$, we show the number of known equivalence classes of Weyl--Heisenberg covariant SICs in dimension $d$ equals the cardinality of the ideal class monoid of (not necessarily invertible) ideal classes in the real quadratic order of discriminant $(d+1)(d-3)$. Equivalently, this is the number of $\mathbf{GL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ conjugacy classes in $\mathbf{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ of trace $d-1$. We conjecture the equality extends to all $d \geq 4$. We prove that this conjecture implies more that one equivalence class of Weyl--Heisenberg covariant SICs for every $d > 22$. We refine the "class field hypothesis" of Appleby, Flammia, McConnell, and Yard (arXiv:1604.06098) to predict the exact class field generated by the ratios of vector entries for the equiangular lines defining a Weyl--Heisenberg covariant SIC. The class fields conjecturally associated to SICs in dimension $d$ have a natural partial order under inclusion; we show the natural inclusions of these fields in the partial order are strict, except in a small family of cases.

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