Key-value memory in the brain

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.02950v1
• Date: Mon, 06 Jan 2025 11:46:40 GMT
• Title: Key-value memory in the brain
• Authors: Samuel J. Gershman, Ila Fiete, Kazuki Irie,
• Abstract summary: Key-value memory systems distinguish representations used for storage (values) and those used for retrieval (keys) This allows key-value memory systems to optimize simultaneously for fidelity in storage and discriminability in retrieval. We review the computational foundations of key-value memory, its role in modern machine learning systems, related ideas from psychology and neuroscience, applications to a number of empirical puzzles, and possible biological implementations.
• Score: 19.319373145044015
• License:
• Abstract: Classical models of memory in psychology and neuroscience rely on similarity-based retrieval of stored patterns, where similarity is a function of retrieval cues and the stored patterns. While parsimonious, these models do not allow distinct representations for storage and retrieval, despite their distinct computational demands. Key-value memory systems, in contrast, distinguish representations used for storage (values) and those used for retrieval (keys). This allows key-value memory systems to optimize simultaneously for fidelity in storage and discriminability in retrieval. We review the computational foundations of key-value memory, its role in modern machine learning systems, related ideas from psychology and neuroscience, applications to a number of empirical puzzles, and possible biological implementations.

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