Velocity-comb modulation transfer spectroscopy

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.16148v1
• Date: Mon, 27 Jan 2025 15:41:34 GMT
• Title: Velocity-comb modulation transfer spectroscopy
• Authors: Xiaolei Guan, Zheng Xiao, Zijie Liu, Zhiyang Wang, Jia Zhang, Xun Gao, Pengyuan Chang, Tiantian Shi, Jingbiao Chen,
• Abstract summary: We propose a velocity-comb modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS) solution that takes advantage of the velocity-selective resonance effect of multi-frequency comb lasers. In the probe-pump configuration, each pair of counter-propagating lasers interacts with atoms from different transverse velocity-comb groups. Preliminary proof-of-principle results show that the frequency stability of the triple-frequency laser is optimized by nearly a factor of sqrt3 compared to the single-frequency laser.
• Score: 8.286452305495274
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• Abstract: Sub-Doppler laser spectroscopy is a crucial technique for laser frequency stabilization, playing a significant role in atomic physics, precision measurement, and quantum communication. However, recent efforts to improve frequency stability appear to have reached a bottleneck, as they primarily focus on external technical approaches while neglecting the fundamental issue of low atomic utilization (< 1%), caused by only near-zero transverse velocity atoms involved in the transition. Here, we propose a velocity-comb modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS) solution that takes advantage of the velocity-selective resonance effect of multi-frequency comb lasers to enhance the utilization of non-zero-velocity atoms. In the probe-pump configuration, each pair of counter-propagating lasers interacts with atoms from different transverse velocity-comb groups, independently contributing to the spectral amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio. Preliminary proof-of-principle results show that the frequency stability of the triple-frequency laser is optimized by nearly a factor of \sqrt{3} compared to the single-frequency laser, consistent with theoretical expectations. With more frequency comb components, MTS-stabilized lasers are expected to achieve order-of-magnitude breakthroughs in frequency stability, taking an important step toward next-generation compact optical clocks. This unique method can also be widely applied to any quantum system with a wide velocity distribution, inspiring innovative advances in numerous fields with a fresh perspective.

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