Quantum Entanglement Generation in the Heterometallic Ni$^\text{2+}_4$Gd$_4^\text{3+}$ Complexes

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.20311v1
• Date: Wed, 26 Mar 2025 08:20:22 GMT
• Title: Quantum Entanglement Generation in the Heterometallic Ni$^\text{2+}_4$Gd$_4^\text{3+}$ Complexes
• Authors: Hamid Arian Zad, Michal Jaščur, Nerses Ananikian,
• Abstract summary: We investigate tetrapartite and bipartite quantum entanglement in complexes denoted as Ni$text2+_4$Gd$_4text3+$ under an external magnetic field.<n>Using negativity as a quantum entanglement measure, we analyze the effects of single-ion anisotropy and magnetic field on tetrapartite and bipartite entanglements.
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• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: We investigate tetrapartite and bipartite quantum entanglement in octanuclear heterometallic $3d/4f$ complexes denoted as Ni$^\text{2+}_4$Gd$_4^\text{3+}$ under an external magnetic field using exact diagonalization. These molecular magnets that can be effectively characterized by Heisenberg spin models, consist of two Ni$^\text{2+}_2$Gd$_2^\text{3+}$ cubane subunits bridged by acetate and hydroxide ligands. We detect that their magnetization exhibits intermediate plateaus at low temperatures, reflecting distinct ground states characteristic of Gd-containing compounds. Using negativity as a quantum entanglement measure, we analyze the effects of single-ion anisotropy and magnetic field on tetrapartite and bipartite entanglements in two families of Ni$^\text{2+}_4$Gd$_4^\text{3+}$ complexes: $\boldsymbol{(1)}$ without and $\boldsymbol{(2)}$ with anisotropy. Complex $\boldsymbol{(1)}$ exhibits strong tetrapartite entanglement, persisting up to $T \approx 2.5$ K and $B \approx 4.0$ T, but considerably weak bipartite entanglement between Ni$\cdots$Ni and Ni$\cdots$Gd links. Conversely, complex $\boldsymbol{(2)}$ shows strong bipartite entanglements but negligible tetrapartite entanglement negativity. These findings highlight the critical role of single-ion anisotropy in generating and shaping entanglement properties in heterometallic Ni$^\text{2+}_4$Gd$_4^\text{3+}$ complexes.

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