Lunguage: A Benchmark for Structured and Sequential Chest X-ray Interpretation

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21190v1
• Date: Tue, 27 May 2025 13:40:00 GMT
• Title: Lunguage: A Benchmark for Structured and Sequential Chest X-ray Interpretation
• Authors: Jong Hak Moon, Geon Choi, Paloma Rabaey, Min Gwan Kim, Hyuk Gi Hong, Jung-Oh Lee, Hangyul Yoon, Eun Woo Doe, Jiyoun Kim, Harshita Sharma, Daniel C. Castro, Javier Alvarez-Valle, Edward Choi,
• Abstract summary: We introduce LUNGUAGE, a benchmark dataset for structured radiology report generation.<n>It contains 1,473 annotated chest X-ray reports, each reviewed by experts, and 80 of them contain longitudinal annotations.<n>Using this benchmark, we develop a two-stage framework that transforms generated reports into fine-grained, schema-aligned structured representations.<n>We also propose LUNGUAGESCORE, an interpretable metric that compares structured outputs at the entity, relation, and attribute level while modeling temporal consistency.
• Score: 10.440241401950745
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
• Abstract: Radiology reports convey detailed clinical observations and capture diagnostic reasoning that evolves over time. However, existing evaluation methods are limited to single-report settings and rely on coarse metrics that fail to capture fine-grained clinical semantics and temporal dependencies. We introduce LUNGUAGE,a benchmark dataset for structured radiology report generation that supports both single-report evaluation and longitudinal patient-level assessment across multiple studies. It contains 1,473 annotated chest X-ray reports, each reviewed by experts, and 80 of them contain longitudinal annotations to capture disease progression and inter-study intervals, also reviewed by experts. Using this benchmark, we develop a two-stage framework that transforms generated reports into fine-grained, schema-aligned structured representations, enabling longitudinal interpretation. We also propose LUNGUAGESCORE, an interpretable metric that compares structured outputs at the entity, relation, and attribute level while modeling temporal consistency across patient timelines. These contributions establish the first benchmark dataset, structuring framework, and evaluation metric for sequential radiology reporting, with empirical results demonstrating that LUNGUAGESCORE effectively supports structured report evaluation. The code is available at: https://github.com/SuperSupermoon/Lunguage

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