Bias-field-free operation of nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond for accurate vector magnetometry

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24574v1
• Date: Fri, 30 May 2025 13:26:10 GMT
• Title: Bias-field-free operation of nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond for accurate vector magnetometry
• Authors: Lilian Childress, Vincent Halde, Kayla Johnson, Andrew Lowther, David Roy-Guay, Romain Ruhlmann, Adrian Solyom,
• Abstract summary: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center spin ensembles offer a promising solution for high-sensitivity vector magnetometry.<n> bias magnetic field typically used to separate signals from each NV orientation introduces inaccuracy from drifts in permanent magnets or coils.<n>We present a novel bias-field-free approach that labels the NV orientations via the direction of the microwave (MW) field in a variable-pulse-duration Ramsey sequence.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Accurate measurement of vector magnetic fields is critical for applications including navigation, geoscience, and space exploration. Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center spin ensembles offer a promising solution for high-sensitivity vector magnetometry, as their different orientations in the diamond lattice measure different components of the magnetic field. However, the bias magnetic field typically used to separate signals from each NV orientation introduces inaccuracy from drifts in permanent magnets or coils. Here, we present a novel bias-field-free approach that labels the NV orientations via the direction of the microwave (MW) field in a variable-pulse-duration Ramsey sequence used to manipulate the spin ensemble. Numerical simulations demonstrate the possibility to isolate each orientation's signal with sub-nT accuracy even without precise MW field calibration, at only a moderate cost to sensitivity. We also provide proof-of-principle experimental validation, observing relevant features that evolve as expected with applied magnetic field. Looking forward, by removing a key source of drift, the proposed protocol lays the groundwork for future deployment of NV magnetometers in high-accuracy or long-duration missions.

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