Image Editing As Programs with Diffusion Models

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04158v1
• Date: Wed, 04 Jun 2025 16:57:24 GMT
• Title: Image Editing As Programs with Diffusion Models
• Authors: Yujia Hu, Songhua Liu, Zhenxiong Tan, Xingyi Yang, Xinchao Wang,
• Abstract summary: We introduce Image Editing As Programs (IEAP), a unified image editing framework built upon the Diffusion Transformer (DiT) architecture.<n>IEAP approaches instructional editing through a reductionist lens, decomposing complex editing instructions into sequences of atomic operations.<n>Our framework delivers superior accuracy and semantic fidelity, particularly for complex, multi-step instructions.
• Score: 69.05164729625052
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: While diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in text-to-image generation, they encounter significant challenges with instruction-driven image editing. Our research highlights a key challenge: these models particularly struggle with structurally inconsistent edits that involve substantial layout changes. To mitigate this gap, we introduce Image Editing As Programs (IEAP), a unified image editing framework built upon the Diffusion Transformer (DiT) architecture. At its core, IEAP approaches instructional editing through a reductionist lens, decomposing complex editing instructions into sequences of atomic operations. Each operation is implemented via a lightweight adapter sharing the same DiT backbone and is specialized for a specific type of edit. Programmed by a vision-language model (VLM)-based agent, these operations collaboratively support arbitrary and structurally inconsistent transformations. By modularizing and sequencing edits in this way, IEAP generalizes robustly across a wide range of editing tasks, from simple adjustments to substantial structural changes. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IEAP significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods on standard benchmarks across various editing scenarios. In these evaluations, our framework delivers superior accuracy and semantic fidelity, particularly for complex, multi-step instructions. Codes are available at https://github.com/YujiaHu1109/IEAP.

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