Related papers: Programmable Bell State Generation in an Integrated Thin Film Lithium Niobate Circuit

Programmable Bell State Generation in an Integrated Thin Film Lithium Niobate Circuit

URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18079v1
Date: Sun, 22 Jun 2025 15:53:20 GMT
Title: Programmable Bell State Generation in an Integrated Thin Film Lithium Niobate Circuit
Authors: Andreas Maeder, Robert J. Chapman, Alessandra Sabatti, Giovanni Finco, Jost Kellner, Rachel Grange,
Abstract summary: Entanglement is central to quantum technologies such as cryptography, sensing, and computing.<n>We present a reconfigurable photonic integrated circuit on lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI)
Score: 38.21654538903223
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract: Entanglement is central to quantum technologies such as cryptography, sensing, and computing. Photon pairs generated via nonlinear optical processes are excellent for preparing entangled states due to their long coherence times and compatibility with fiber optic networks. Steady progress in nanofabrication has positioned lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) as a leading platform for monolithic integration of photon pair sources into optical circuits, leveraging its strong second-order nonlinearity. Here, we present a reconfigurable photonic integrated circuit on LNOI, which combines two on-chip photon pair sources with programmable interferometers, enabling generation of entangled states. The pair sources achieve a source brightness of MHz nm$^{-1}$ mW$^{-1}$ while maintaining a coincidence-to-accidental ratio above 100. We successfully interfere the two sources with $99 \pm 0.7$ % visibility, demonstrating the indistinguishability required for producing entanglement on-chip. We show preparation of any of the maximally entangled Bell states with fidelity above 90 % verified by quantum state tomography. These results establish LNOI as a compelling, scalable platform to explore integrated quantum photonic technologies enabled by high-brightness sources of entangled quantum states.

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