The Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad generation theorem,and a generalization to non-stationary evolutions
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11766v2
- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 2025 19:42:28 GMT
- Title: The Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad generation theorem,and a generalization to non-stationary evolutions
- Authors: Paul E. Lammert,
- Abstract summary: Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad generation theorem says precisely which superoperators can appear on its right-hand side.<n>The finite-dimensional case is handled using a form of Jamiolkowski transform.<n>The infinite-dimensional case is handled by means of a sequence of finite-dimensional approximations.
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- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: The Lindblad equation embodies a fundamental paradigm of the quantum theory of open systems, and the Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad (GKSL) generation theorem says precisely which superoperators can appear on its right-hand side. These are the generators of completely positive trace-preserving (or nonincreasing) semigroups. A complete exposition of this theorem is given. The finite-dimensional case is handled using a form of Jamio\l{}kowski transform. The treatment requires no previous knowledge of complete positivity and obtains the Choi-Kraus presentation along the way. The (separable) infinite-dimensional case is handled by means of a sequence of finite-dimensional approximations, using the finite-dimensional case as a crucial tool. An extension to time-dependent generator is given.The condition for CP evolution is just that for semigroups applied at each instant, and the Lindblad decomposition can be chosen continuous in time.
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