Quantum Blockchain Survey: Foundations, Trends, and Gaps

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13720v1
• Date: Fri, 18 Jul 2025 08:00:09 GMT
• Title: Quantum Blockchain Survey: Foundations, Trends, and Gaps
• Authors: Saurav Ghosh,
• Abstract summary: Post-quantum blockchains integrate quantum-resistant algorithms, and quantum blockchains leverage quantum properties such as entanglement and quantum key distribution.<n>This survey reviews key developments in both areas, analyzing their cryptographic foundations, architectural designs, and implementation challenges.<n>The goal is to offer a structured and comprehensive reference for advancing secure blockchain systems in the quantum era.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum computing poses fundamental risks to classical blockchain systems by undermining widely used cryptographic primitives. In response, two major research directions have emerged: post-quantum blockchains, which integrate quantum-resistant algorithms, and quantum blockchains, which leverage quantum properties such as entanglement and quantum key distribution. This survey reviews key developments in both areas, analyzing their cryptographic foundations, architectural designs, and implementation challenges. This work provides a comparative overview of technical proposals, highlight trade-offs in security, scalability, and deployment, and identify open research problems across hardware, consensus, and network design. The goal is to offer a structured and comprehensive reference for advancing secure blockchain systems in the quantum era.

Related papers

• Post-Quantum Cryptography: An Analysis of Code-Based and Lattice-Based Cryptosystems [55.49917140500002]
  Quantum computers will be able to break modern cryptographic systems using Shor's Algorithm.<n>We first examine the McEliece cryptosystem, a code-based scheme believed to be secure against quantum attacks.<n>We then explore NTRU, a lattice-based system grounded in the difficulty of solving the Shortest Vector Problem.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-05-06T03:42:38Z)
• Blockchain Security Risk Assessment in Quantum Era, Migration Strategies and Proactive Defense [2.758914621931148]
  The emergence of quantum computing presents a formidable challenge to the security of blockchain systems.<n>Traditional cryptographic algorithms become vulnerable to the immense computational power of quantum computers.<n>This paper conducts a thorough risk assessment of transitioning to quantum-resistant blockchains.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-01-21T00:27:41Z)
• A Survey and Comparison of Post-quantum and Quantum Blockchains [4.965489431705061]
  The rapid progress of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the security of existing blockchain technologies. The emergence of Shor's and Grover's algorithms raises concerns regarding the compromise of the cryptographic systems underlying blockchains. It is essential to develop methods that reinforce blockchain technology against quantum attacks.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-09-02T16:20:22Z)
• Generative AI-enabled Blockchain Networks: Fundamentals, Applications, and Case Study [73.87110604150315]
  Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) has emerged as a promising solution to address challenges of blockchain technology. In this paper, we first introduce GAI techniques, outline their applications, and discuss existing solutions for integrating GAI into blockchains.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-28T10:46:17Z)
• Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Networks: Mechanics, Enabling Technologies, Challenges, and Research Directions [66.27337498864556]
  This paper presents a comprehensive survey of entanglement-assisted quantum networks. It provides a detailed overview of the network structure, working principles, and development stages. It also emphasizes open research directions, including architecture design, entanglement-based network issues, and standardization.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-07-24T02:48:22Z)
• From Portfolio Optimization to Quantum Blockchain and Security: A Systematic Review of Quantum Computing in Finance [0.0]
  We provide an overview of the recent work in the quantum finance realm from various perspectives. The applications in consideration are Portfolio Optimization, Fraud Detection, and Monte Carlo methods for derivative pricing and risk calculation. We give a comprehensive overview of the applications of quantum computing in the field of blockchain technology.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-06-12T19:53:23Z)
• Deploying hybrid quantum-secured infrastructure for applications: When quantum and post-quantum can work together [0.8702432681310401]
  Quantum key distribution is secure against unforeseen technological developments. Post-quantum cryptography is believed to be secure even against attacks with both classical and quantum computing technologies. Various directions in the further development of the full-stack quantum-secured infrastructure are also indicated.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-04-10T13:44:21Z)
• When Quantum Information Technologies Meet Blockchain in Web 3.0 [86.91054991998273]
  We introduce a quantum blockchain-driven Web 3.0 framework that provides information-theoretic security for decentralized data transferring and payment transactions. We discuss the potential applications and challenges of implementing quantum blockchain in Web 3.0.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-11-29T05:38:42Z)
• Quantum-resistance in blockchain networks [46.63333997460008]
  This paper describes the work carried out by the Inter-American Development Bank, the IDB Lab, LACChain, Quantum Computing (CQC), and Tecnologico de Monterrey to identify and eliminate quantum threats in blockchain networks. The advent of quantum computing threatens internet protocols and blockchain networks because they utilize non-quantum resistant cryptographic algorithms.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-06-11T23:39:25Z)
• Quantum crypto-economics: Blockchain prediction markets for the evolution of quantum technology [0.623435010579444]
  In due course, quantum technology will have the ability to directly compromise the cryptographic foundations of blockchain. We build financial models for quantum failure in various scenarios, including pricing quantum risk premiums.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-02-01T06:19:45Z)
• Quantum Multi-Solution Bernoulli Search with Applications to Bitcoin's Post-Quantum Security [67.06003361150228]
  A proof of work (PoW) is an important cryptographic construct enabling a party to convince others that they invested some effort in solving a computational task. In this work, we examine the hardness of finding such chain of PoWs against quantum strategies. We prove that the chain of PoWs problem reduces to a problem we call multi-solution Bernoulli search, for which we establish its quantum query complexity.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-12-30T18:03:56Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.