HuggingGraph: Understanding the Supply Chain of LLM Ecosystem

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14240v3
• Date: Thu, 04 Sep 2025 23:06:49 GMT
• Title: HuggingGraph: Understanding the Supply Chain of LLM Ecosystem
• Authors: Mohammad Shahedur Rahman, Peng Gao, Yuede Ji,
• Abstract summary: Large language models (LLMs) leverage deep learning architectures to process and predict sequences of words.<n>LLMs can inherit vulnerabilities, biases, or malicious components that exist in previous models or datasets.<n>Motivated by that, this project aims to study such relationships between models and datasets.
• Score: 6.131279654327215
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) leverage deep learning architectures to process and predict sequences of words, enabling them to perform a wide range of natural language processing tasks, such as translation, summarization, question answering, and content generation. As existing LLMs are often built from base models or other pre-trained models and use external datasets, they can inevitably inherit vulnerabilities, biases, or malicious components that exist in previous models or datasets. Therefore, it is critical to understand these components' origin and development process to detect potential risks, improve model fairness, and ensure compliance with regulatory frameworks. Motivated by that, this project aims to study such relationships between models and datasets, which are the central parts of the LLM supply chain. First, we design a methodology to systematically collect LLMs' supply chain information. Then, we design a new graph to model the relationships between models and datasets, which is a directed heterogeneous graph, having 402,654 nodes and 462,524 edges. Lastly, we perform different types of analysis and make multiple interesting findings.

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