CryoGS: Gaussian Splatting for Cryo-EM Homogeneous Reconstruction

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04929v1
• Date: Wed, 06 Aug 2025 23:24:43 GMT
• Title: CryoGS: Gaussian Splatting for Cryo-EM Homogeneous Reconstruction
• Authors: Suyi Chen, Haibin Ling,
• Abstract summary: cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) facilitates the determination of macromolecular structures at near-atomic resolution.<n>The core computational task in single-particle cryo-EM is to reconstruct the 3D electrostatic potential of a molecule.<n>We introduce cryoGS, a GMM-based method that integrates Gaussian splatting with the physics of cryo-EM image formation.
• Score: 55.2480439325792
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: As a critical modality for structural biology, cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) facilitates the determination of macromolecular structures at near-atomic resolution. The core computational task in single-particle cryo-EM is to reconstruct the 3D electrostatic potential of a molecule from a large collection of noisy 2D projections acquired at unknown orientations. Gaussian mixture models (GMMs) provide a continuous, compact, and physically interpretable representation for molecular density and have recently gained interest in cryo-EM reconstruction. However, existing methods rely on external consensus maps or atomic models for initialization, limiting their use in self-contained pipelines. Addressing this issue, we introduce cryoGS, a GMM-based method that integrates Gaussian splatting with the physics of cryo-EM image formation. In particular, we develop an orthogonal projection-aware Gaussian splatting, with adaptations such as a normalization term and FFT-aligned coordinate system tailored for cryo-EM imaging. All these innovations enable stable and efficient homogeneous reconstruction directly from raw cryo-EM particle images using random initialization. Experimental results on real datasets validate the effectiveness and robustness of cryoGS over representative baselines. The code will be released upon publication.

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