Dissipation-Enhanced Localization in a Disorder-Free $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Lattice Gauge System

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06642v1
• Date: Mon, 08 Sep 2025 12:59:17 GMT
• Title: Dissipation-Enhanced Localization in a Disorder-Free $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Lattice Gauge System
• Authors: Xuanpu Yang, Xiang-Ping Jiang, Lei Pan,
• Abstract summary: We study the dissipative dynamics of the $mathbbZ$ lattice gauge model by coupling it to a Markovian environment.<n>We find that quantum dissipation can enhance localization: memory of the initial state is retained more robustly under dissipative evolution.<n>Our results demonstrate that dissipation, often associated with decoherence and thermalization, can in fact serve as a powerful tool for stabilizing non-ergodic behavior in gauge-constrained quantum systems.
• Score: 1.827290618016919
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: The $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge model, as the simplest realization of a lattice gauge theory, exhibits rich and unconventional physics. One of its most remarkable features is disorder-free localization, where localization emerges not from explicit quenched disorder but from static background $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge charges, leading to persistent memory of the initial state. In this work, we investigate the dissipative dynamics of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge model by coupling it to a Markovian environment. We find that quantum dissipation can enhance localization: memory of the initial state is retained more robustly under dissipative evolution than under unitary dynamics. This dissipation-induced enhancement of localization persists across a variety of initial states, indicating that the effect is not limited to fine-tuned configurations. Our results demonstrate that dissipation, often associated with decoherence and thermalization, can in fact serve as a powerful tool for stabilizing non-ergodic behavior in gauge-constrained quantum systems.

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