Realism Control One-step Diffusion for Real-World Image Super-Resolution

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10122v1
• Date: Fri, 12 Sep 2025 10:32:04 GMT
• Title: Realism Control One-step Diffusion for Real-World Image Super-Resolution
• Authors: Zongliang Wu, Siming Zheng, Peng-Tao Jiang, Xin Yuan,
• Abstract summary: We propose a Realism Controlled One-step Diffusion (RCOD) framework for Real-ISR.<n>RCOD provides explicit control over fidelity-realism trade-offs during the noise prediction phase.<n>Our method achieves superior fidelity and perceptual quality while maintaining computational efficiency.
• Score: 21.13930153613271
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Pre-trained diffusion models have shown great potential in real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR) tasks by enabling high-resolution reconstructions. While one-step diffusion (OSD) methods significantly improve efficiency compared to traditional multi-step approaches, they still have limitations in balancing fidelity and realism across diverse scenarios. Since the OSDs for SR are usually trained or distilled by a single timestep, they lack flexible control mechanisms to adaptively prioritize these competing objectives, which are inherently manageable in multi-step methods through adjusting sampling steps. To address this challenge, we propose a Realism Controlled One-step Diffusion (RCOD) framework for Real-ISR. RCOD provides a latent domain grouping strategy that enables explicit control over fidelity-realism trade-offs during the noise prediction phase with minimal training paradigm modifications and original training data. A degradation-aware sampling strategy is also introduced to align distillation regularization with the grouping strategy and enhance the controlling of trade-offs. Moreover, a visual prompt injection module is used to replace conventional text prompts with degradation-aware visual tokens, enhancing both restoration accuracy and semantic consistency. Our method achieves superior fidelity and perceptual quality while maintaining computational efficiency. Extensive experiments demonstrate that RCOD outperforms state-of-the-art OSD methods in both quantitative metrics and visual qualities, with flexible realism control capabilities in the inference stage. The code will be released.

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