Harnessing Environmental Noise for Quantum Energy Storage

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06384v1
• Date: Tue, 07 Oct 2025 19:02:45 GMT
• Title: Harnessing Environmental Noise for Quantum Energy Storage
• Authors: Borhan Ahmadi, Aravinth Balaji Ravichandran, Paweł Mazurek, Shabir Barzanjeh, Paweł Horodecki,
• Abstract summary: We develop an autonomous charging paradigm in which an ensemble of identical two-level units, collectively coupled to a thermal environment, acquires work capacity without any external control.<n>We show that environmental fluctuations can be harnessed to realize drive-free, scalable quantum batteries compatible with circuit- and cavity-QED platforms.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: Quantum hardware increasingly relies on energy reserves that can later be converted into useful work; yet, most battery-like proposals demand coherent drives or engineered non-equilibrium resources, limiting practicality in noisy settings. We develop an autonomous charging paradigm in which an ensemble of identical two-level units, collectively coupled to a thermal environment, acquires work capacity without any external control. The common bath mediates interference between emission and absorption pathways, steering the many-body state away from passivity and into a steady regime with nonzero extractable work. The full charging dynamics and closed-form expressions are obtained for the steady-state, showing favorable scaling with the number of cells that approach the many-body optimum. We show that the mechanism is robust to local noise: under a convex mixture of collective and local dissipation, non-zero steady-state ergotropy persists, exhibits counterintuitive finite-temperature optima, and remains operative when the collective channel is comparable to or stronger than the local one. We show that environmental fluctuations can be harnessed to realize drive-free, scalable quantum batteries compatible with circuit- and cavity-QED platforms. Used as local work buffers, such batteries could potentially enable rapid ancilla reset, bias dissipative stabilizer pumps, and reduce syndrome-extraction overhead in fault-tolerant quantum computing.

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