Observation of area laws in an interacting quantum field simulator

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.13783v1
• Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2025 17:38:26 GMT
• Title: Observation of area laws in an interacting quantum field simulator
• Authors: Maciej T. Jarema, Mohammadamin Tajik, Jörg Schmiedmayer, Silke Weinfurtner, Tobias Haas,
• Abstract summary: We experimentally demonstrate the area law of mutual information in an ultra-cold atom simulator of quantum fields with tuneable interaction strength.<n>Our results detail the scaling of mutual information with subsystem volume, boundary area, and separation between spatial regions at finite temperature.<n>Our presented approach is data-driven, model agnostic, and readily applicable to other platforms and observables.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Information shared between parties quantifies their correlation. The encoding of correlations across space and time characterises the structure, history, and interactions of systems. One of the most fundamental properties that emerges from studies of information is the area law, which states that information shared between spatial subregions typically scales with the area of their boundary rather than their volume. In non-interacting, quantum many-body systems, where Gaussian statistics apply, the scaling of information measures is well understood. Within interacting systems, the readout of information measures is impeded by the complexity of state reconstruction. As such, no measurements beyond small quantum systems (e.g., composed of few, localised particles) have been made. Here, we fill this gap by experimentally demonstrating the area law of mutual information in an ultra-cold atom simulator of quantum fields with tuneable interaction strength. Our results detail the scaling of mutual information with subsystem volume, boundary area, and separation between spatial regions at finite temperature. Moreover, we quantify the total effect of non-Gaussian correlations using an information-theoretic measure - relative entropy. Our presented approach is data-driven, model agnostic, and readily applicable to other platforms and observables, thus constituting a universal toolkit for probing information in high-dimensional quantum systems and its role in shaping quantum matter and spacetime.

Related papers

• Information in quantum field theory simulators: Thin-film superfluid helium [0.0]
  We present a methodology for measuring mutual information in an experimental simulator of non-interacting quantum fields.<n>We propose using the analogue $(2 + 1)$-dimensional spacetime offered by thin films of superfluid helium.<n>We provide numerical predictions incorporating the natural thermal state of the helium sample that exemplify an area-law scaling of mutual information.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-08-10T09:00:45Z)
• Quantum information scrambling in adiabatically-driven critical systems [49.1574468325115]
  Quantum information scrambling refers to the spread of the initially stored information over many degrees of freedom of a quantum many-body system. Here, we extend the notion of quantum information scrambling to critical quantum many-body systems undergoing an adiabatic evolution.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-08-05T18:00:05Z)
• Space-time generalization of mutual information [0.0]
  We introduce a space-time generalization of mutual information which satisfies several natural properties of the mutual information. In particular, this quantity, that we call the emphspace-time mutual information, bounds all dynamical correlations. We study the behavior of the space-time mutual information in several settings and contrast its long-time behavior in many-body localizing and thermalizing systems.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-04T19:00:00Z)
• Engineering Transport via Collisional Noise: a Toolbox for Biology Systems [44.99833362998488]
  We study a generalised XXZ model in the presence of collision noise, which allows to describe environments beyond the standard Markovian formulation. Results constitute an example of the essential building blocks for the understanding of quantum transport in noisy and warm disordered environments.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-11-15T12:55:28Z)
• Enhanced Entanglement in the Measurement-Altered Quantum Ising Chain [43.80709028066351]
  Local quantum measurements do not simply disentangle degrees of freedom, but may actually strengthen the entanglement in the system.<n>This paper explores how a finite density of local measurement modifies a given state's entanglement structure.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-10-04T09:51:00Z)
• Evolution of many-body systems under ancilla quantum measurements [58.720142291102135]
  We study the concept of implementing quantum measurements by coupling a many-body lattice system to an ancillary degree of freedom. We find evidence of a disentangling-entangling measurement-induced transition as was previously observed in more abstract models.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2023-03-13T13:06:40Z)
• Experimental verification of the area law of mutual information in quantum field theory [0.0]
  We experimentally verify one of the fundamental properties of equilibrium states of gapped quantum many-body systems. We also study the dependence of mutual information on temperature and the separation between the subsystems. Our work demonstrates the capability of ultra-cold atom simulators to measure entanglement in quantum field theories.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2022-06-21T17:41:01Z)
• Neural-Network Quantum States for Periodic Systems in Continuous Space [66.03977113919439]
  We introduce a family of neural quantum states for the simulation of strongly interacting systems in the presence of periodicity. For one-dimensional systems we find very precise estimations of the ground-state energies and the radial distribution functions of the particles. In two dimensions we obtain good estimations of the ground-state energies, comparable to results obtained from more conventional methods.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-12-22T15:27:30Z)
• Delocalization of quantum information in long-range interacting systems [0.0]
  We investigate the delocalization of quantum information in the nonequilibrium dynamics of the $XY$ spin chain withally decaying interactions. Our findings give new insights into the dynamics, and structure of quantum information in many-body systems with long-range interactions.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-05-13T15:02:09Z)
• Tracing Information Flow from Open Quantum Systems [52.77024349608834]
  We use photons in a waveguide array to implement a quantum simulation of the coupling of a qubit with a low-dimensional discrete environment. Using the trace distance between quantum states as a measure of information, we analyze different types of information transfer.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2021-03-22T16:38:31Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.