Emergent Area Operators in the Boundary

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.01382v2
• Date: Tue, 04 Nov 2025 07:40:43 GMT
• Title: Emergent Area Operators in the Boundary
• Authors: Ronak M Soni,
• Abstract summary: In some cases in two and three bulk dimensions without bulk local degrees of freedom, I look for area operators in a fixed boundary theory.<n>I define an exact quantum error-correcting code (QECC) and show that it admits a central decomposition.<n>A non-zero area operator, however, emerges after coarse-graining.
• Score: 0.0
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: In some cases in two and three bulk dimensions without bulk local degrees of freedom, I look for area operators in a fixed boundary theory. In each case, I define an exact quantum error-correcting code (QECC) and show that it admits a central decomposition. However, the area operator that arises from this central decomposition vanishes. A non-zero area operator, however, emerges after coarse-graining. The expectation value of this operator approximates the actual entanglement entropy for a class of states that do not form a linear subspace. These non-linear constraints can be interpreted as semiclassicality conditions. The coarse-grained area operator is ambiguous, and this ambiguity can be matched with that in defining fixed-area states.

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