Deep Learning Analysis of Prenatal Ultrasound for Identification of Ventriculomegaly

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07827v1
• Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2025 01:22:17 GMT
• Title: Deep Learning Analysis of Prenatal Ultrasound for Identification of Ventriculomegaly
• Authors: Youssef Megahed, Inok Lee, Robin Ducharme, Aylin Erman, Olivier X. Miguel, Kevin Dick, Adrian D. C. Chan, Steven Hawken, Mark Walker, Felipe Moretti,
• Abstract summary: Ventriculomegaly is a prenatal condition characterized by dilated cerebral ventricles of the fetal brain.<n>The proposed model incorporates a Vision Transformer encoder pretrained on more than 370,000 ultrasound images from the OpenUS-46 corpus.<n>The model reached an F1-score of 91.76% on the 5-fold cross-validation and 91.78% on the independent test set.
• Score: 0.17476892297485447
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: The proposed study aimed to develop a deep learning model capable of detecting ventriculomegaly on prenatal ultrasound images. Ventriculomegaly is a prenatal condition characterized by dilated cerebral ventricles of the fetal brain and is important to diagnose early, as it can be associated with an increased risk for fetal aneuploidies and/or underlying genetic syndromes. An Ultrasound Self-Supervised Foundation Model with Masked Autoencoding (USF-MAE), recently developed by our group, was fine-tuned for a binary classification task to distinguish fetal brain ultrasound images as either normal or showing ventriculomegaly. The USF-MAE incorporates a Vision Transformer encoder pretrained on more than 370,000 ultrasound images from the OpenUS-46 corpus. For this study, the pretrained encoder was adapted and fine-tuned on a curated dataset of fetal brain ultrasound images to optimize its performance for ventriculomegaly detection. Model evaluation was conducted using 5-fold cross-validation and an independent test cohort, and performance was quantified using accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, F1-score, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The proposed USF-MAE model reached an F1-score of 91.76% on the 5-fold cross-validation and 91.78% on the independent test set, with much higher scores than those obtained by the baseline models by 19.37% and 16.15% compared to VGG-19, 2.31% and 2.56% compared to ResNet-50, and 5.03% and 11.93% compared to ViT-B/16, respectively. The model also showed a high mean test precision of 94.47% and an accuracy of 97.24%. The Eigen-CAM (Eigen Class Activation Map) heatmaps showed that the model was focusing on the ventricle area for the diagnosis of ventriculomegaly, which has explainability and clinical plausibility.

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