DeepThinkVLA: Enhancing Reasoning Capability of Vision-Language-Action Models

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.15669v1
• Date: Fri, 31 Oct 2025 05:26:16 GMT
• Title: DeepThinkVLA: Enhancing Reasoning Capability of Vision-Language-Action Models
• Abstract summary: DeepThinkVLA is a new architecture for Vision-Language-Action models.<n>It generates sequential CoT with causal attention and switches to bidirectional attention for fast decoding of action vectors.<n>It achieves a 97.0% success rate on the LIBERO benchmark.
• Score: 51.76664843721462
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Enabling Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models to "think before acting" via Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is a promising path to overcoming the data-hungry nature of end-to-end robot policies. However, progress is stalled by a fundamental conflict: existing models use a single autoregressive decoder for both sequential CoT reasoning and high-dimensional, parallelizable robot actions. This architectural mismatch degrades motor control and fails to forge a strong causal link between thought and action. We introduce DeepThinkVLA, which resolves this conflict through a tightly integrated architecture and training strategy. Architecturally, our hybrid-attention decoder generates sequential CoT with causal attention and then switches to bidirectional attention for fast, parallel decoding of action vectors. This design is complemented by a two-stage training pipeline: we first use Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) to teach the model foundational reasoning, then apply Reinforcement Learning (RL) with task-success rewards to causally align the full reasoning-action sequence with desired outcomes. This synergy leads to state-of-the-art performance, achieving a 97.0% success rate on the LIBERO benchmark. Our ablations confirm the design's effectiveness: the hybrid architecture alone outperforms standard decoders by 15.5%, and the final RL stage provides a crucial 2% boost to secure top performance.

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