Sensitivity threshold defines the optimal spin subset for ensemble quantum sensing

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.10549v1
• Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 11:30:22 GMT
• Title: Sensitivity threshold defines the optimal spin subset for ensemble quantum sensing
• Authors: Suwan I. Kang, Minhyeok Kim, Sanghyo Park, Heonsik Lee, Keunyoung Lee, Donggyu Kim,
• Abstract summary: We derive an analytic expression of ensemble sensitivity for inhomogeneous spin sensors.<n>We introduce sensitivity thresholds that reveal the optimal spin subset.<n>Our framework imposes no fundamental trade-offs and extends quantum sensing to heterogeneous sensing environments.
• Score: 2.328370332280478
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Finite drive power leaves unavoidable spatial gradients in control fields, preventing spin ensembles from reaching the standard-quantum-limit sensitivity. We derive an analytic expression of ensemble sensitivity for inhomogeneous spin sensors and introduce sensitivity thresholds that reveal the optimal spin subset. Applied to both pulsed and continuous-wave magnetometry, the optimal subsets deliver up to a tenfold improvement over conventional schemes relying on nominally uniform regions of the ensembles. We demonstrate phase-only digital holography to implement the optimal subsets and show that residual aberrations add less than 1 dB of sensitivity loss. Our framework imposes no fundamental trade-offs and extends quantum sensing to heterogeneous sensing environments.

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