Fundamental Sensitivity Bounds for Quantum Enhanced Optical Resonance
Sensors Based on Transmission and Phase Estimation
- URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2106.07741v1
- Date: Mon, 14 Jun 2021 20:23:12 GMT
- Title: Fundamental Sensitivity Bounds for Quantum Enhanced Optical Resonance
Sensors Based on Transmission and Phase Estimation
- Authors: Mohammadjavad Dowran, Timothy S. Woodworth, Ashok Kumar, and Alberto
M. Marino
- Abstract summary: We study optical resonance sensors, which detect a change in a parameter of interest through a resonance shift.
We show that the fundamental sensitivity results from an interplay between the QCRB and the transfer function of the system.
We also study the effect of losses external to the sensor on the degree of quantum enhancement.
- Score: 1.6230648949593154
- License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
- Abstract: Quantum states of light can enable sensing configurations with sensitivities
beyond the shot-noise limit (SNL). In order to better take advantage of
available quantum resources and obtain the maximum possible sensitivity, it is
necessary to determine fundamental sensitivity limits for different possible
configurations for a given sensing system. Here, due to their wide
applicability, we focus on optical resonance sensors, which detect a change in
a parameter of interest through a resonance shift. We compare their fundamental
sensitivity limits set by the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound (QCRB) based on the
estimation of changes in transmission or phase of a probing bright two-mode
squeezed state (bTMSS) of light. We show that the fundamental sensitivity
results from an interplay between the QCRB and the transfer function of the
system. As a result, for a resonance sensor with a Lorentzian lineshape a
phase-based scheme outperforms a transmission-based one for most of the
parameter space; however, this is not the case for lineshapes with steeper
slopes, such as higher order Butterworth lineshapes. Furthermore, such an
interplay results in conditions under which the phase-based scheme provides a
higher sensitivity than the transmission-based one but a smaller degree of
quantum enhancement. We also study the effect of losses external to the sensor
on the degree of quantum enhancement and show that for certain conditions
probing with a classical state can provide a higher sensitivity than probing
with a bTMSS. Finally, we discuss detection schemes, namely optimized
intensity-difference and optimized homodyne detection, that can achieve the
fundamental sensitivity limits even in the presence of external losses.
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