Mid-circuit logic executed in the qubit layer of a quantum processor

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12648v1
• Date: Sun, 14 Dec 2025 11:30:12 GMT
• Title: Mid-circuit logic executed in the qubit layer of a quantum processor
• Authors: Cameron Jones, Piper Wysocki, MengKe Feng, Gerardo A. Paz-Silva, Corey I. Ostrove, Tuomo Tanttu, Kenneth M. Rudinger, Samuel K. Bartee, Kevin Young, Fay E. Hudson, Wee Han Lim, Nikolay V. Abrosimov, Hans-Joachim Pohl, Michael L. W. Thewalt, Robin Blume-Kohout, Andrew S. Dzurak, Andre Saraiva, Arne Laucht, Chih Hwan Yang,
• Abstract summary: We perform the first mid-circuit measurements in a system of silicon spin qubits.<n>We show that feedforward operations can be performed without needing to route information to the classical layer.<n>Our results provide the first step towards moving resource-intensive classical processing into the quantum layer.
• Score: 0.30991566185662395
• License: http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
• Abstract: Practical quantum computers need to continuously exchange data between classical and quantum subsystems during a computation. Mid-circuit measurements of a qubits state are transferred to the classical electronics layer, and their outcome can inform feedforward operations that close the loop back to the quantum layer. These operations are crucial for fault-tolerant quantum computers, but the quantum-classical loop must be completed before the qubits decohere, presenting a substantial engineering challenge for full-scale systems comprising millions of qubits. Here we perform the first mid-circuit measurements in a system of silicon spin qubits, and show that feedforward operations can be performed without needing to route information to the classical layer. This in-layer approach leverages a backaction-driven control technique that has previously been considered a source of error. We benchmark our in-layer strategy, together with the standard FPGA-enabled approach, and analyse the performance of both methods using gate set tomography. Our results provide the first step towards moving resource-intensive classical processing into the quantum layer, an advance that could solve key engineering challenges, and drastically reduce the power budget of future quantum computers.

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