Towards a point-to-point CV-QKD system: Implementation challenges and perspectives

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2512.19834v1
• Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2025 19:44:01 GMT
• Title: Towards a point-to-point CV-QKD system: Implementation challenges and perspectives
• Authors: Davi Juvêncio Gomes de Sousa, Nelson Alves Ferreira Neto, Christiano M. S. Nascimento, Lucas Q. Galvão, Mauro Queiroz Nooblath Neto, Micael Andrade Dias, Cássio de Castro Silva, Braian Pinheiro da Silva, Alexandre B. Tacla, Valéria Loureiro da Silva,
• Abstract summary: This article presents an analysis of the practical challenges and implementation perspectives of point-to-point continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems over optical fiber.<n>The study addresses the design of transmitters, quantum channels, and receivers, with emphasis on impairments such as attenuation, chromatic dispersion, polarization fluctuations, and coexistence with classical channels.<n>We outline perspectives for the deployment of CV-QKD in Brazil, starting from metropolitan testbeds and extending toward hybrid fiber/FSO and space-based infrastructures.
• Score: 30.7884683239992
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: This article presents an analysis of the practical challenges and implementation perspectives of point-to-point continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems over optical fiber. The study addresses the physical layer, including the design of transmitters, quantum channels, and receivers, with emphasis on impairments such as attenuation, chromatic dispersion, polarization fluctuations, and coexistence with classical channels. We further examine the role of digital signal processing (DSP) as the bridge between quantum state transmission and classical post-processing, highlighting its impact on excess noise mitigation, covariance matrix estimation, and reconciliation efficiency. The post-processing pipeline is detailed with a focus on parameter estimation in the finite-size regime, information reconciliation using LDPC-based codes optimized for low-SNR conditions, and privacy amplification employing large-block universal hashing. From a hardware perspective, we discuss modular digital architectures that integrate dedicated accelerators with programmable processors, supported by a reference software framework (CV-QKD-ModSim) for algorithm validation and hardware co-design. Finally, we outline perspectives for the deployment of CV-QKD in Brazil, starting from metropolitan testbeds and extending toward hybrid fiber/FSO and space-based infrastructures. The work establishes the foundations for the first point-to-point CV-QKD system in Brazil, while providing a roadmap for scalable and interoperable quantum communication networks.

Related papers

• Continual Quantum Architecture Search with Tensor-Train Encoding: Theory and Applications to Signal Processing [68.35481158940401]
  CL-QAS is a continual quantum architecture search framework.<n>It mitigates challenges of costly encoding amplitude and forgetting in variational quantum circuits.<n>It achieves controllable robustness expressivity, sample-efficient generalization, and smooth convergence without barren plateaus.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2026-01-10T02:36:03Z)
• Continuous-variable quantum key distribution network based on entangled states of optical frequency combs [2.6848705805602058]
  Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) features a high key rate and compatibility with classical optical communication.<n>This paper proposes a CVQKD network based on the entangled states of an optical frequency comb.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-12-31T08:32:04Z)
• Digital Signal Processing from Classical Coherent Systems to Continuous-Variable QKD: A Review of Cross-Domain Techniques, Applications, and Challenges [0.3289878169836672]
  This systematic review investigates the application of digital signal processing (DSP) techniques to continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD)<n>The convergence of these domains has enabled significant advances in CV-QKD performance.<n>We identify a range of recent DSP innovations in coherent optical communication systems with high potential for future CV-QKD integration.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-09-24T14:05:19Z)
• CLASS: A Controller-Centric Layout Synthesizer for Dynamic Quantum Circuits [58.16162138294308]
  CLASS is a controller-centric layout synthesizer designed to reduce inter-controller communication latency in a distributed control system.<n> Evaluations demonstrate that CLASS effectively reduces communication latency by up to 100% with only a 2.10% average increase in the number of additional operations.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-09-19T08:11:55Z)
• Joint Channel Estimation and Computation Offloading in Fluid Antenna-assisted MEC Networks [81.36647816787713]
  We propose an FA-assisted offloading framework to minimize the delay of channel estimation.<n>We show that the proposed system significantly reduces the accuracy under efficient communication.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-09-16T08:48:44Z)
• Reinforcement Learning for Quantum Network Control with Application-Driven Objectives [53.03367590211247]
  Dynamic programming and reinforcement learning offer promising tools for optimizing control strategies.<n>We propose a novel RL framework that directly optimize non-linear, differentiable objective functions.<n>Our work comprises the first step towards non-linear objective function optimization in quantum networks with RL, opening a path towards more advanced use cases.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-09-12T18:41:10Z)
• A Survey on Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution for Secure Data Transmission: Toward the Future of Secured Quantum-Networks [0.0]
  Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cornerstone of secure communication in the quantum era.<n> continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) has emerged as a more practical alternative due to its seamless compatibility with current telecommunications infrastructure.<n>CV-QKD relies on coherent and squeezed states of light, offering significant advantages for integration into modern optical networks.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-06-25T19:58:44Z)
• VQC-MLPNet: An Unconventional Hybrid Quantum-Classical Architecture for Scalable and Robust Quantum Machine Learning [50.95799256262098]
  Variational quantum circuits (VQCs) hold promise for quantum machine learning but face challenges in expressivity, trainability, and noise resilience.<n>We propose VQC-MLPNet, a hybrid architecture where a VQC generates the first-layer weights of a classical multilayer perceptron during training, while inference is performed entirely classically.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-06-12T01:38:15Z)
• Channel Fingerprint Construction for Massive MIMO: A Deep Conditional Generative Approach [65.47969413708344]
  We introduce the concept of CF twins and design a conditional generative diffusion model (CGDM)<n>We employ a variational inference technique to derive the evidence lower bound (ELBO) for the log-marginal distribution of the observed fine-grained CF conditioned on the coarse-grained CF.<n>We show that the proposed approach exhibits significant improvement in reconstruction performance compared to the baselines.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-05-12T01:36:06Z)
• Quantum-Assisted Vehicle Routing: Realizing QAOA-based Approach on Gate-Based Quantum Computer [1.5119440099674915]
  Vehicle Problem Routing (VRP) is a fundamental optimization challenge with broad applications in logistics and transportation.<n>We present a quantum-assisted framework that integrates the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) with a link-based formulation of VRP.<n>Our approach encodes flow conservation and subtour elimination directly into the cost Hamiltonian, preserving graph structure while avoiding ancillary qubits.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-05-02T22:31:01Z)
• Modeling and Performance Analysis for Semantic Communications Based on Empirical Results [53.805458017074294]
  We propose an Alpha-Beta-Gamma (ABG) formula to model the relationship between the end-to-end measurement and SNR.<n>For image reconstruction tasks, the proposed ABG formula can well fit the commonly used DL networks, such as SCUNet, and Vision Transformer.<n>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first theoretical expression between end-to-end performance metrics and SNR for semantic communications.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2025-04-29T06:07:50Z)
• Benchmarking hybrid digitized-counterdiabatic quantum optimization [2.983864486954652]
  Hybrid digitized-counterdiabatic quantum computing (DCQC) is a promising approach for leveraging the capabilities of near-term quantum computers. In this study, we analyze the convergence behavior and solution quality of various classicals when used in conjunction with the digitized-counterdiabatic approach.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2024-01-18T10:05:07Z)
• Quantum-enhanced data classification with a variational entangled sensor network [3.1083620257082707]
  Supervised learning assisted by an entangled sensor network (SLAEN) is a distinct paradigm that harnesses VQCs trained by classical machine-learning algorithms. Our work paves a new route for quantum-enhanced data processing and its applications in the NISQ era.
  arXiv  Detail & Related papers  (2020-06-22T01:22:33Z)

This list is automatically generated from the titles and abstracts of the papers in this site.

This site does not guarantee the quality of this site (including all information) and is not responsible for any consequences.