DT-ICU: Towards Explainable Digital Twins for ICU Patient Monitoring via Multi-Modal and Multi-Task Iterative Inference

• URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.07778v1
• Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 17:54:19 GMT
• Title: DT-ICU: Towards Explainable Digital Twins for ICU Patient Monitoring via Multi-Modal and Multi-Task Iterative Inference
• Authors: Wen Guo,
• Abstract summary: We introduce DT-ICU, a digital twin framework for continuous risk estimation in intensive care.<n> DT-ICU integrates variable-length clinical time series with static patient information in a unified architecture.<n>We evaluate DT-ICU on the large, publicly available MIMIC-IV dataset, where it consistently outperforms established baseline models.
• Score: 3.630848302035617
• License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Abstract: We introduce DT-ICU, a multimodal digital twin framework for continuous risk estimation in intensive care. DT-ICU integrates variable-length clinical time series with static patient information in a unified multitask architecture, enabling predictions to be updated as new observations accumulate over the ICU stay. We evaluate DT-ICU on the large, publicly available MIMIC-IV dataset, where it consistently outperforms established baseline models under different evaluation settings. Our test-length analysis shows that meaningful discrimination is achieved shortly after admission, while longer observation windows further improve the ranking of high-risk patients in highly imbalanced cohorts. To examine how the model leverages heterogeneous data sources, we perform systematic modality ablations, revealing that the model learnt a reasonable structured reliance on interventions, physiological response observations, and contextual information. These analyses provide interpretable insights into how multimodal signals are combined and how trade-offs between sensitivity and precision emerge. Together, these results demonstrate that DT-ICU delivers accurate, temporally robust, and interpretable predictions, supporting its potential as a practical digital twin framework for continuous patient monitoring in critical care. The source code and trained model weights for DT-ICU are publicly available at https://github.com/GUO-W/DT-ICU-release.

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